Who Owned Baseball (WOB) – Updated for May 8, 2023

Charles LeClaire-USA TODAY Sports

WHO OWNED BASEBALL FOR MAY 8, 2023?

Full WOBs

Jon Gray fanned 8 in 7 innings without walking a batter as the Rangers doubled up the Mariners, 2-1.

Mitch Keller went the distance, tossing a complete game 4 hits shutout where he recorded 8 strikeouts to give the Pirates a 2-0 win over Colorado.

Gleyber Torres hit a go ahead home run in the Yankes 7-2 win over Oakland.

Joey Wiemer homered and doubled, driving in 3, to lead Milwaukee past the Dodgers, 9-3.

1/2 WOBs

Alex Bregman singled and tripled in the Astros 6-4 loss to the Angels.

Logan Gilbert started the game with 6 perfect innings, but the Rangers rallied and scored two in the 7th to top Seattle, 2-1.

Tony Gonsolin did not allow an earned run over 6 innings, giving up only 3 hits and no walks. But the Dodgers defense betrayed him and suffered a 9-3 final to Milwaukee.

Joc Pederson walked and homered in the Giants 5-1 defeat by Washington.

For a full explantion of Who Owned Baseball (WOB), Click HERE

Who Owned Baseball Scores

AL Batters

Bo Bichette – 2 1/2

Wander Franco – 2

Issac Paredes – 2

Vladimir Guerrero Jr, – 2

Rafael Devers – 1 1/2

Jonah Heim – 1 1/2

Cal Raleigh – 1 1/2

Hunter Renfroe – 1 1/2

Taylor Walls – 1 1/2

AL Pitchers

Kevin Gausman – 3

Jose Berrios – 2 1/2

Nathan Eovaldi – 2 1/2

Shohei Ohtani – 2 1/2

Drew Rasmussen – 2 1/2

Eduardo Rodriguez – 2 1/2

Gerrit Cole – 2

Kyle Gibson – 2

Sonny Gray – 2

Cal Quantrill – 2

Jeffrey Springs – 2

Shane Bieber – 1 1/2

Jon Gray – 1 1/2

Alek Manoah – 1 1/2

Joe Ryan – 1 1/2

NL Batters

C. J. Cron – 2 1/2

Paul Goldschmidt – 2

Max Muncy – 2

Bryan Reynolds – 2

Nick Senzel – 2

Brian Anderson – 1 1/2

Freddie Freeman – 1 1/2

Garrett Cooper – 1 1/2

Lourdes Gurriel Jr. – 1 1/2

Manny Machado – 1 1/2

Sean Murphy – 1 1/2

Jorge Soler – 1 1/2

Christian Walker – 1 1/2

Patrick Wisdom – 1 1/2

NL Pitchers

Sandy Alcantara – 3

Clayton Kershaw – 3

Jordan Montgomery 3

Marcus Stroman – 3

Merrill Kelly – 2 1/2

Logan Webb – 2 1/2

Kyle Freeland – 2

Zac Gallen – 2

Mitch Keller – 2

Drew Smyly – 2

Spencer Strider – 2

Vince Velasquez – 2

Graham Ashcraft – 1 1/2

Alex Cobb – 1 1/2

Wade Miley – 1 1/2

Charlie Morton – 1 1/2

Aaron Nola – 1 1/2

Johan Oviedo – 1 1/2

Justin Steele – 1 1/2

COMBINED WOB FOR PITCHING AND HITTING

Shohei Ohtani – 3 1/2 (1 as Hitter, 2 1/2 as Pitcher)

1 WOB

Hanser Alberto, Ozzie Albies, Yordan Alvarez, Luis Arraez, Randy Arozarena, Ji Hwan Bae, Brett Baty, Brandon Belt, Charlie Blackmon, Alec Bohm, Hunter Brown, Corbin Burnes, Jeimer Candelario, Matt Carpenter, Corbin Carroll, Nick Castellanos, Dylan Cease, Yu Chang, Aaron Civale, Michael Conforto, Roansy Contreras, Patrick Corbin, Anthony DeSclafani, Dane Dunning, Jarren Duran, Adam Duvall, Tommy Edman, Thairo Estrada, Bailey Falter, Adam Frazier, Joey Gallo, Adolis Garcia, Luis Garcia, Stone Garrett, Logan Gilbert, Lucas Giolito, Yan Gomes, Nolan Gorman, Eric Haase, Teoscar Hernandez, Sam Hilliard, Nico Hoerner, Tanner Houck, Jonathan India, Eloy Jimenez, Aaron Judge, Corey Julks, Josh Jung, Steven Kwan, Francisco Lindor, Seth Lugo, Lance Lynn, Jesus Luzardo, Nick Martinez, Shane McClanahan, Jeff McNeil, Bryce Miller, Ryan Mountcastle, Wil Myers, Bailey Ober, Shohei Ohtani (AS HITTER), James Outman, Freddy Peralta, AJ Pollock, Luke Raley, Luis Rengifo, Anthony Rizzo, Adley Rutschman, Chris Sale, Nick Sandlin, Anthony Santander, Corey Seager, Marcus Semien, Fernando Tatis Jr, Trayce Thompson, Gleyber Torres, Framber Valdez, Alex Verdugo, Joey Wiemer, Connor Wong, Masataka Yoshida

1/2 WOB

CJ Abrams, Jesus Aguilar, Logan Allen, Pete Alonso, Harrison Bader, Chris Bassitt, Peyton Battenfield, Mookie Betts, Phil Bickford, Xander Bogaerts, Alex Bregman, Seth Brown, Kris Bubic, Jake Burger, Peyton Butterfield, Willi Castro, Luis Cessa, Mike Clevinger, William Contreras, Willson Contreras, Yu Darvish, Tucker Davidson, J. D Davis, Reid Detmers, Brandon Drury, Bryce Elder, Mason Englert, Josh Fleming, Ty France, Max Fried, Shintaro Fujinami, Domingo German, Tony Gonsolin, Josiah Gray, Austin Hays, George Kirby, Ha-Seong Kim, Shea Langeliers, Nick Lodolo, Pablo Lopez, Josh Lowe, Nathaniel Lowe, Jordan Lyles, Kenta Maeda, Tyler Mahle, Dustin May, Andrew McCutchen, Easton McGee, Mason Miller, Jose Miranda, Eli Morgan, Ryne Nelson, Ryan Noda, Vinnie Pasquantino, Joc Pederson, Martin Perez, Nick Pivetta, Nick Pratto, Harold Ramirez, Trevor Richards, Luis Robert Jr., Brent Rooker, Keibert Ruiz, Jesus Sanchez, Patrick Sandoval, Kyle Schwarber, Gavin Sheets, Pavin Smith, Blake Snell, Juan Soto, Spencer Steer, Matt Strahm, Noah Syndergaard, Jameson Taillon, Spencer Torkelson, Ross Stripling, Mike Trout, Kyle Tucker, Edwin Uceta, Gio Urshela, Michael Wacha, Ryan Weathers, Hayden Wesneski, Zack Wheeler, Bobby Witt Jr.

Who Owned October (WOO) – Updated for October 20, 2022

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Who owned October on October 20?

Each winning team for every post season game gets a pitcher and a hitter who earn a full WOO(Who Owns October.)

And at my discretion, I award a 1/2 WOO’S to a worthy player on the losing team.

But the World Series deserves its own stats. WOWS (Who Owns the World Series.)

At the end of the post season, we will see who had the highest WOO total as a pitcher and a hitter. The WOWS total will be kept separately. Each game now counts towards both tallies.

A complete description of the rules can be found HERE.

From October 20, 2022 –

AL CHAMPIONSHIP SERIES GAME 2

Receiving 1 WOO

Alex Bregman hit a 3 run home run and added another hit to power the Astros past the Yankees.

Framber Valdez threw 7 strong innings, striking out 9 Yankees while walking none and allowing 2 unearned runs to earn the 3-2 victory for the Astros.

Receiving 1/2 WOO

Luis Severino pitched into the 6th, striking out 6 Astros in 5 1/3 innings but took the hard luck 3-2 decision for the Yankees.

Gleyber Torres singled home a run in the Yankees 3-2 loss in Houston.

CURRENT WOO Totals MLB, 2022

HITTERS “WOO” MLB, 2021

Yordan Alvarez – Astros 2, Oscar Gonzalez – Guardians 2, Jeremy Pena – Astros 2, Cal Raleigh – Mariners 2, Harrison Bader – Yankees 1 1/2, Trent Grisham – Padres 1 1/2, Bryce Harper – Phillies 1 1/2, Rhys Hoskins – Phillies 1 1/2, Jose Ramirez – Guardians 1 1/2, Giancarlo Stanton – Yankees 1 1/2, Alex Bregman – Astros 1, Nick Castellanos – Phillies 1, Jake Cronenworth – Padres 1, Brandon Drury – Padres 1, Freddie Freeman – Dodgers 1, Ha-Seong Kim – Padres 1, Francisco Lindor – Mets 1, Manny Machado – Padres 1, Brandon Marsh – Phillies 1, Wil Myers – Padres 1, Jurickson Profar – Padres 1,Austin Riley – Braves 1, Anthony Rizzo – Yankees 1, Julio Rodriguez – Mariners 1, Amed Rosario – Guardians 1, Kyle Schwarber – Phillies 1, Jean Segura – Phillies 1, Trea Turner – Dodgers 1, Pete Alonso – Mets 1/2, Orlando Arcia – Braves 1/2, Mookie Betts – Dodgers 1/2, Vidal Brujan – Rays 1/2, Oswaldo Cabrera – Guardians 1/2, J. P. Crawford – Mariners 1/2 Travis d’Arnaud – Braves 1, Eduardo Escobar – Mets 1/2, Teoscar Hernandez – Blue Jays 1/2, Steven Kwan – Guardians 1/2, Josh Naylor – Guardians 1/2, Matt Olson – Braves 1/2, Albert Pujols – Cardinals 1/2, Jose Siri – Rays 1/2, George Springer – Blue Jays 1/2, Gleyber Torres – Yankees 1/2, Juan Yepez – Cardinals 1/2

PITCHERS “WOO” MLB, 2022

Zack Wheeler – Phillies 2 1/2, Gerrit Cole – Yankees 2, Seranthony Dominguez – Phillies 2, Joe Musgrove – Padres 2, Aaron Nola – Phillies 2, Framber Valdez – Astros 2, Luis Castillo – Mariners 1 1/2, Nestor Cortes Jr. – Yankees 1 1/2, Yu Darvish – Padres 1 1/2, George Kirby – Mariners 1 1/2, Bryan Abreu – Astros 1, Shane Bieber – Guardians 1, Emmanuel Clase – Guardians 1, Jacob deGrom – Mets 1, Enyel De Los Santos – Guardians 1, Luis Garcia – Astros 1, Josh Hader – Padres 1, Pierce Johnson – Padres 1, Nick Martinez – Padres 1, Triston McKenzie – Guardians 1, Luis Severino – Yankees 1, Blake Snell – Padres 1, Julio Urias – Dodgers 1, Justin Verlander – Astros 1, Kyle Wright – Braves 1, Yency Almonte – Dodgers 1/2, Tyler Anderson – Dodger 1/2, Kevin Gausman – Blue Jays 1/2, Logan Gilbert – Mariners 1/2, Kyle Gibson – Phillies 1/2, Andrew Heaney – Dodgers 1/2, James Karinchak – Guardians 1/2, Dylan Lee – Braves 1/2, Trevor May – Mets 1/2, Tim Mayza – Blue Jays 1/2, Shane McClanahan – Rays 1/2, Jordan Montgomery- Cardinals 1/2, Cody Morris – Guardians 1/2, Cal Quantrill – Guardians 1/2, Jose Quintana – Cardinals 1/2, Drew Smith – Mets 1/2, Jackson Stephens – Braves 1/2, Jameson Taillon – Yankees 1/2

Who Owned Baseball – Updated for August 18, 2022

Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images

Who Owned Baseball for August 18, 2022?

FULL WOB

Jose Berrios fanned 9 Yankees in 6 2/3 innings en route to earning the 9-2 decision for Toronto.

Alex Bregman homered twice and doubled twice, driving in 6 rns and scoring 4 times and even added a stolen base as the Astros clobbered the White Sox, 21-5.

Zac Gallen struck out 12 in 7 1/3 innings as Arizona blanked San Francisco, 5-0.

Bryan Reynolds went 3 for 4 with 2 homers to lead Pittsburgh past Boston, 8-2.

1/2 WOB

Mark Canha hit a game tying 2 run homer and added a double but the Mets comeback fell just short against Atlanta, 3-2.

Yu Darvish pitched into the 9th, allowing 3 runs and no walks in 8 1/3 innings while taking the hard luck 3-1 loss for San Diego against Washington.

Gavin Sheets collected 4 hits, including a double, but the White Sox were pounded by the Astros, 21-5.

Spencer Watkins threw 5 2/3 innings, allowing 1 run and walked no Cub batter but was on the wrong end of a 3-2 decision for Baltimore.

Who Owned Baseball Scores

National League Hitters

Pete Alonso – 9

Paul Goldschmidt – 6

C. J. Cron – 5 1/2

Manny Machado – 5

Bryce Harper – 4

Austin Riley – 4

Kyle Schwarber – 4

Nolan Arenado – 3 1/2

Mookie Betts – 3 1/2

Francisco Lindor – 3 1/2

Brandon Nimmo – 3 1/2

Bryan Reynolds – 3 1/2

Jazz Chisholm Jr. – 3

Brandon Drury – 3

Starling Marte – 3

Rowdy Tellez – 3

Christian Walker – 3

Jake Cronenworth – 2 1/2

J. D. Davis – 2 1/2

Thairo Estrada – 2 1/2

Ke’Bryan Hayes – 2 1/2

Rhys Hoskins – 2 1/2

Matt Olson – 2 1/2

Tommy Pham – 2 1/2

Jurickson Profar – 2 1/2

Dansby Swanson – 2 1/2

Daulton Varsho – 2 1/2

Jesus Aguilar – 2

Josh Bell – 2

Adam Duvall – 2

Wilmer Flores – 2

Luis Garcia – 2

Nolan Gorman – 2

Andrew McCutchen – 2

Max Muncy – 2

Joc Pederson – 2

Hunter Renfroe – 2

Brendan Rogers – 2

Josh Rojas – 2

Darin Ruf – 2

Juan Soto – 2

Willy Adames – 1 1/2

Mark Canha – 1 1/2

Michael Chavis – 1 1/2

Kyle Farmer – 1 1/2

Freddie Freeman – 1 1/2

Randal Grichuk – 1 1/2

Jose Iglesias – 1 1/2

Tyler Naquin – 1 1/2

Tyler O’Neil – 1 1/2

Marcell Ozuna – 1 1/2

David Peralta – 1 1/2

Albert Pujols – 1 1/2

J. T. Realmuto – 1 1/2

Brian Serven – 1 1/2

Jack Suwinski – 1 1/2

Seiya Suzuki – 1 1/2

Lane Thomas – 1 1/2

Trayce Thompson – 1 1/2

Trea Turner – 1 1/2

Juan Yepez – 1 1/2



American League Hitters

Aaron Judge – 7 1/2

Mike Trout – 6 1/2

Yordan Alvarez – 5 1/2

Jose Ramirez – 5

Alex Bregman – 4 1/2

Ty France – 4 1/2

Shohei Ohtani – 4 1/2

Byron Buxton – 4

Ryan Mountcastle – 4

Sean Murphy – 4

Vladimir Guerrero Jr. – 3 1/2

Salvador Perez – 3 1/2

Julio Rodriguez – 3 1/2

George Springer – 3 1/2

Matt Chapman – 3

Rafael Devers – 3

Anthony Rizzo – 3

Amed Rosario – 3

Jared Walsh – 3

Bo Bichette – 2 1/2

Josh Donaldson – 2 1/2

Adolis Garcia – 2 1/2

Alejandro Kirk – 2 1/2

Trey Mancini – 2 1/2

MJ Melendez – 2 1/2

Marcus Semien – 2 1/2

Ramon Urias – 2 1/2

Randy Arozarena – 2

Luis Arraez – 2

Matt Carpenter – 2

Lourdes Gurriel Jr. – 2

Teoscar Hernandez – 2

Jorge Mateo – 2

Isaac Paredes – 2

Carlos Santana – 2

Gleyber Torres – 2

Jose Trevino – 2

Kyle Tucker – 2

Andrew Vaughn – 2

Alex Verdugo – 2

Taylor Ward – 2

Jose Abreu – 1 1/2

Elvis Andrus – 1 1/2

Aledmys Diaz – 1 1/2

Adam Frazier – 1 1/2

Andres Gimenez – 1 1/2

Austin Hays – 1 1/2

Alex Kirilloff – 1 1/2

DJ LeMahieu – 1 1/2

Brandon Lowe – 1 1/2

J. D. Martinez – 1 1/2

Yoan Moncada – 1 1/2

Josh Naylor – 1 1/2

Jeremy Pena – 1 1/2

Anthony Santander – 1 1/2

Trevor Story – 1 1/2

Eugenio Suarez – 1 1/2

Bobby Witt Jr. – 1 1/2



National League Pitchers

Sandy Alcantara – 11

Carlos Rodon – 7

Joe Musgrove – 7

Corbin Burnes – 6 1/2

Yu Darvish – 6 1/2

Pablo Lopez – 5 1/2

Aaron Nola – 5 1/2

Merrill Kelly – 5

Zack Wheeler – 5

Zac Gallen – 4 1/2

Charlie Morton – 4 1/2

Max Scherzer – 4 1/2

Chris Bassitt – 4

Adam Wainwright – 4

Logan Webb – 4

Hunter Greene – 3 1/2

Eric Lauer – 3 1/2

Jose Quintana – 3 1/2

Julio Urias – 3 1/2

Tyler Anderson – 3

Carlos Carrasco – 3

Kyle Hendricks – 3

Clayton Kershaw – 3

Chad Kuhl – 3

Freddy Peralta – 3

Brandon Woodruff – 3

Graham Ashcraft – 2 1/2

Edward Cabrera – 2 1/2

Alex Cobb – 2 1/2

Kyle Gibson – 2 1/2

Tony Gonsolin – 2 1/2

Luis Castillo (NL ONLY) – 2

Patrick Corbin – 2

Erick Fedde – 2

Max Fried – 2

Braxton Garrett – 2

MacKenzie Gore – 2

Jon Gray – 2

Jesus Luzardo – 2

Sean Manaea – 2

Tylor Megill – 2

Miles Mikolas – 2

Marcus Stroman – 2

Taijuan Walker – 2

Mitch White – 2

Madison Bumgarner – 1 1/2

Mike Clevinger – 1 1/2

Josiah Gray – 1 1/2

Tyler Mahle – 1 1/2

Steven Matz – 1 1/2

Spencer Strider – 1 1/2



American League Pitchers

Shohei Ohtani – 7

Justin Verlander – 7

Gerrit Cole – 6 1/2

Alek Manoah – 6 1/2

Dylan Cease – 6

Nestor Cortes Jr. – 6

Framber Valdez – 5 1/2

Johnny Cueto – 5

Brad Keller – 5

Robbie Ray – 5

Kevin Gausman – 4 1/2

Cristian Javier – 4 1/2

Triston McKenzie – 4 1/2

Frankie Montas – 4 1/2

Martin Perez – 4 1/2

Jameson Taillon – 4 1/2

Dane Dunning – 4

Michael Kopech – 4

Nick Pivetta – 4

Nathan Eovaldi – 3 1/2

Shane McClanahan – 3 1/2

Chris Flexen – 3

Marco Gonzales – 3

Cole Irvin – 3

Jose Urquidy – 3

Sonny Gray – 2 1/2

Jordan Montgomery (AL ONLY) – 2 1/2

Luis Severino – 2 1/2

Ross Stripling – 2 1/2

Michael Wacha – 2 1/2

Shane Bieber – 2

Beau Briske – 2

Reid Detmers – 2

Logan Gilbert – 2

Yusei Kikuchi – 2

Michael Lorenzen – 2

Jake Odorizzi – 2

Tarik Skubal – 2

Jose Berrios – 1 1/2

Paul Blackburn – 1 1/2

Hunter Dozier – 1 1/2

Jonathan Heasley – 1 1/2

Rich Hill – 1 1/2

Daulton Jefferies – 1 1/2

Corey Kluber 1 1/2

Dean Kremer – 1 1/2

Brady Singer – 1 1/2

Jose Suarez – 1 1/2

Noah Syndergaard – 1 1/2



Combined Pitcher and Hitter WOB
Shohei Ohtani – 11 1/2

Combined AL and NL WOB (Pitchers)

Jordan Montgomery – 3 1/2

Luis Castillo – 3

1 WOB
Ronald Acuna Jr, Javier Baez, Jose Barrero, Seth Beer, Cody Bellinger, Brandon Belt, Cavan Biggio, Alec Bohm, Kris Bubic, Walker Buehler, Lorenzo Cain, Johan Camargo, Jeimer Candelario, Curt Casali, Luis Castillo (AL Only), Harold Castro, Emmanuel Clase, Zack Collins, William Contreras, Willson Contreras, Garrett Cooper, Nelson Cruz, Oneil Cruz, Travis d’Arnaud, Zach Davies, Jacob deGrom, Brendan Donovan, Maurcio Dubon, Bryce Elder, Eduardo Escobar, Maikel Franco, Joey Gallo, Kyle Garlick, Lucas Giolito, Luis Gonzalez, Oscar Gonzalez, Mitch Haniger, Ian Happ, Michael Harris II, Andrew Heaney, Taylor Hearn, Jonah Heim, Adrian Houser, Jonathan India, Jakob Junis, James Kaprelian, Mitch Keller, Rony Kemp, Isiah Kiner-Falefa, George Kirby, Michael Kopech, Steven Kwan, Trevor Larnach, Ramon Laureano, Tim Locastro, Evan Longoria, Nathaniel Lowe, Davis Martin,Nick Martinez, Yadiel Martinez, Lance McCullers Jr., Chas McCormick, Ryan McMahon, Jeff McNeil, Whit Merrifield, Jordan Montgomery (NL Only), Edward Olivares, Connor Overton, Michael Perez, David Peterson, Stephen Piscotty, A. J. Pollock, Jorge Polanco, Nick Pratto, Emmanuel Rivera, Luis Robert, Victor Robles, Eduardo Rodriguez, Josh Rogers, Adley Rutschman, Gary Sanchez, Patrick Sandoval, Jonathan Schoop, Chase Silseth, Devin Smeltzer, Blake Snell, Giancarlo Stanton, Justin Steele, Jackson Tetreault, Touki Toussaint, Justin Turner, Gio Urshela, Josh VanMeter, Nelson Valezquez, Luke Voit, Austin Voth, Josh Winder, Kolten Wong, Kyle Wright, Alex Wood,

½ WOB
Jorge Alfaro, Jose Altuve, Ian Anderson, Chris Archer, Aaron Ashby, Tanner Banks, Felix Bautista, Shane Baz, Andrew Benintendi, Jon Berti, Charlie Blackmon, JJ Bleday, Skye Bolt, David Bote, Kyle Bradish, Michael Brantley, Matt Brash, Seth Brown, JT Brubaker, Kris Bryant, Dylan Bundy, Miguel Cabrera, Mark Canha, Victor Caratini, Dylan Carlson, Daniel Castano, Rodolfo Castro, Willi Castro, Roansy Contreras, Carlos Correa, Kutter Crawford, Bobby Dalbec, Yonathan Daza, Yandy Diaz, Ryan Feltner, Wander Franco, Kyle Freeland, TJ Friedl, Mitch Garver, Domingo German, Tyler Gilbert, Yasmani Grandal, Zack Greinke, Trent Grisham, Carlos Hernandez, Cesar Hernandez, Kyle Higashioka, Dakota Hudson, Daniel Hudson, Sam Huff, Drew Hutchison, Zach Logue, Jordan Lyles, Luke Maile, Matt Manning, German Marquez, Brandon Marsh, Ketel Marte, Yunior Marte, Mike Mayers, Austin Nola, Oscar Mercado, Cedric Mullins, Penn Murfee, Sheldon Neuse, Rougned Odor, Andre Pallante, Michael Pineda, Zach Plesac, Austin Pruitt, Cal Quantrill, Harold Ramirez, Drew Rasmussen, Luis Rengifo, Jesus Sanchez, Reiver Sanmartin, Clarke Schmidt, Corey Seager, Gavin Sheets,Jose Siri, Caleb Smith, Pavin Smith, Will Smith, Donovan Solano, Jorge Soler, Jeffrey Springs, Myles Straw, Marcus Stroman, Ranger Suarez, Ramiel Tapia, Michael Taylor, Tyrone Taylor, Alek Thomas, Zach Thompson, Spencer Torkelson, Jose Urena, Christian Vazquez, Spencer Watkins, Steven Wilson, Miguel Yajure, Ryan Yarbrough, Mike Yastrzemski, Christian Yelich, Bruce Zimmermann